8 oz red bull caffeine10/2/2023 Though it offers some guidance, the FDA allows manufacturers of liquid products to decide on their own whether to market their products as dietary supplements, or as conventional foods and beverages, which carry differing regulatory requirements. Historically, government agencies such as the US Food and Drug Administration have struggled to regulate beverages with added caffeine. The reasons are a mix of lax regulation, the use of caffeine as a sports performance enhancer among adults, and a bit of scientific uncertainty.Īccording to sports cardiologist John Higgins, a professor at McGovern Medical School at UTHealth in Houston, there is also another factor: “very, very intelligent advertising.” “Age-gating is an incredibly powerful tool,” Luppino said, and should be reserved for “inherently dangerous products” like nicotine.Īs the regulatory status of energy drinks continues to be debated, a growing number of consumers and public health advocates are asking why and how a product loaded with caffeine and other stimulants became so popular among young people. At the Connecticut hearing, the head of public affairs for Red Bull North America, Joseph Luppino, maintained that there is no scientific justification to regulate energy drinks differently than other caffeine-containing beverages such as soda, coffee, and tea-particularly when some coffeehouses serve coffee with a caffeine content exceeding that of a can of Red Bull. Of these, approximately 1,500 were children aged 12 to 17, although the number of visits from this age group increased only slightly over the four years.įor their part, energy drink manufacturers argue that they are being unfairly targeted. A US government report found that from 2007 to 2011, the number of emergency department visits involving energy drinks more than doubled, to nearly 21,000. These recommendations are based on concerns about health problems that, although rare, can occur after consumption, including seizures, delirium, rapid heart rate, stroke, and even sudden death. doi:10.This popularity is in marked contrast to the recommendations of groups like the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Sports Medicine, who say youth should forgo these products entirely. Caffeine discontinuation improves acute migraine treatment: a prospective clinic-based study. Caffeine and cognitive performance: persistent methodological challenges in caffeine research. Caffeine withdrawal, acute effects, tolerance, and absence of net beneficial effects of chronic administration: cerebral blood flow velocity, quantitative EEG, and subjective effects. Energy and sports drinks in children and adolescents. Pound CM, Blair B Canadian Paediatric Society, Nutrition and Gastroenterology Committee, Ottawa, Ontario. The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). A randomized controlled trial of a manual-only treatment for reduction and cessation of problematic caffeine use. Sweeney MM, Meredith SE, Juliano LM, Evatt DP, Griffiths RR. International Journal of Clinical Practice. Cutaneous application of menthol 10% solution as an abortive treatment of migraine without aura: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossed-over study: Menthol solution for the treatment of migraine. Understanding Caffeine Headaches.īorhani Haghighi A, Motazedian S, Rezaii R, et al. Tea, hot, leaf, black. FoodData Central.Īmerican Migraine Foundation. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Caffeine in the management of patients with headache. Lipton RB, Diener HC, Robbins MS, Garas SY, Patel K. Atlas of Headache Disorders and Resources in the World. Clinical Aspects of Medication Overuse Headaches. The Fasting Headache. National Headache Foundation.ĭa Silva AN, Lake AE. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing.ĭiamond S, Franklin MA. Caffeine use disorder: a review of the evidence and future implications. SPECT assessment of brain activation induced by caffeine: no effect on areas involved in dependence. Caffeine use disorder: a comprehensive review and research agenda. Meredith SE, Juliano LM, Hughes JR, Griffiths RR. Chronic daily headache: identification of factors associated with induction and transformation. Bigal ME, Sheftell FD, Rapoport AM, et al.
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